Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a specialized procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the bile ducts, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. During an ERCP, a flexible endoscope is inserted through the patient's mouth, down the esophagus, and into the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. A catheter is then threaded through the endoscope to into the opening where the bile and pancreatic ducts open into the duodenum. A contrast dye is injected into these ducts through the catheter, allowing X-ray imaging to reveal any blockages, stones, or abnormalities. If necessary, therapeutic interventions such as stone removal, stent placement, or biopsy can be performed simultaneously to address the identified issues. This procedure combines diagnostic imaging with therapeutic capabilities to manage a range of biliary and pancreatic disorders.